JAMDA
Volume 11, Issue 2 , Pages 128-131 , February 2010

Testing for Vitamin D Deficiency in Veterans—Is There a Seasonal Bias?

  • Alan N. Peiris, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Mountain Home VAMC, Mountain Home, TN
    • Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Alan N. Peiris, MD, PhD, Medicine Service–111, Mountain Home VAMC, Mountain Home, TN 37684.
    • ,
  • Beth Bailey, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Family Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN
    • ,
  • Todd Manning, BA

      Affiliations

    • Mountain Home VAMC, Mountain Home, TN
    • ,
  • Reena Kuriacose, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN
    • ,
  • Rebecca Copeland, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN
    • ,
  • Linda Garrett, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nursing, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN

References 

  1. Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:266–281
  2. Peiris AN, Bailey BA, Manning T. The relationship of Vitamin D deficiency to health care costs in Veterans. Mil Med. 2008;173:1214–1218
  3. Wilske J. Plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 (calcifediol) as an indicator of ultraviolet radiation. Arctic Med Res. 1993;52:166–169
  4. Webb AR, Kline L, Holick MF. Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: Exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988;67:373–378
  5. Kim JH, Moon SJ. Time spent outdoors and seasonal variation in serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Korean women. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2000;51:439–451
  6. Salamone LM, Dallal GE, Zantos D, et al. Contributions of vitamin D intake and seasonal sunlight exposure to plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in elderly women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;59:80–86
  7. Hill TR, McCarthy D, Jakobsen J, et al. Seasonal changes in vitamin D status and bone turnover in healthy Irish postmenopausal women. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2007;77:320–325
  8. Woitge HW, Scheidt-Nave C, Kissling C, et al. Seasonal variation of biochemical indexes of bone turnover: Results of a population-based study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:68–75
  9. Haddad JG. Seasonal diminution of vitamin D stores in the United States. Can darker winters lead to lighter bones?. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 1996;7:209–212
  10. Porojnicu A, Robsahm TE, Berg JP, et al. Season of diagnosis is a predictor of cancer survival. Sun-induced vitamin D may be involved: A possible role of sun-induced Vitamin D. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007;103:675–678
  11. Bolland MJ, Chiu WW, Davidson JS, et al. The effects of seasonal variation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D on diagnosis of vitamin D insufficiency. N Z Med J. 2008;121:63–74
  12. Juttmann JR, Visser TJ, Buurman C, et al. Seasonal fluctuations in serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in normal subjects. BR Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1981;282:1349–1352
  13. Kull M, Kallikorm R, Tamm A, et al. Seasonal variance of 25-(OH) vitamin D in the general population of Estonia, a Northern European country. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:22
  14. Sloka S, Stokes J, Randell E, et al. Seasonal variation of maternal serum vitamin D in Newfoundland and Labrador. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2009;31:313–321
  15. Levis S, Gomez A, Jimenez C, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and seasonal variation in an adult South Florida population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:1557–1562
  16. Jacobs ET, Alberts DS, Foote JA, et al. Vitamin D insufficiency in southern Arizona. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:608–613
  17. Livesey J, Elder P, Ellis MJ, et al. Seasonal variation in vitamin D levels in the Canterbury, New Zealand population in relation to available UV radiation. N Z Med J. 2007;120:U2733
  18. Martinez ME, Salinas M, Navarro MP, et al. The effects of season and stage of pregnancy on 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels in pregnant women in Madrid. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1986;56:131–134
  19. Guillemant J, Le HT, Maria A, et al. Wintertime vitamin D deficiency in male adolescents: Effect on parathyroid function and response to vitamin D3 supplements. Osteoporos Int. 2001;12:875–879
  20. Devgun MS, Paterson CR, Johnson BE, et al. Vitamin D nutrition in relation to season and occupation. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981;34:1501–1504
  21. van der Mei IA, Ponsonby AL, Engelsen O, et al. The high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency across Australian populations is only partly explained by season and latitude. Environ Health Perspect. 2007;115:1132–1139
  22. Moosgaard B, Vestergaard P, Heickendorff L, et al. Vitamin D status, seasonal variations, parathyroid adenoma weight and bone mineral density in primary hyperparathyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005;63:506–513
  23. Inderjeeth CA, Barrett T, Al-Lahham Y, et al. Seasonal variation, hip fracture and vitamin D levels in Southern Tasmania. N Z Med J. 2002;115:183–185
  24. Lagunova Z, Porojnicu AC, Lindberg F, et al. The dependency of vitamin D status on body mass index, gender, age and season. Anticancer Res. 2009;29:3713–3720
  25. Sayre RM, Dowdy JC. Darkness at noon: Sunscreens and vitamin D3. Photochem Photobiol. 2007;83:459–463
  26. Viljakainen HT, Vaisanen M, Kemi V, et al. Wintertime vitamin D supplementation inhibits seasonal variation of calcitropic hormones and maintains bone turnover in healthy men. J Bone Miner Res. 2009;24:346–352
  27. Vieth R, Kimball S, Hu A, et al. Randomized comparison of the effects of the vitamin D3 adequate intake versus 100 mcg (4000 IU) per day on biochemical responses and the wellbeing of patients. Nutr J. 2004;3:8
  28. Pekkarinen T, Turpeinen U, Hamalainen E, et al. Serum 25 (OH)D3 vitamin status of elderly Finnish women is suboptimal even after summer sunshine but is not associated with bone density or turnover. Eur J Endocrinol. 2009;In press
  29. Vieth R. How to optimize vitamin D supplementation to prevent cancer, based on cellular adaptation and hydroxylase enzymology. Anticancer Res. 2009;29:3675–3684

PII: S1525-8610(09)00407-1

doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2009.11.004

JAMDA
Volume 11, Issue 2 , Pages 128-131 , February 2010

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