Abstract
Objective
The study aimed to examine the contemporaneous temporal association between changes
in total physical activity, sports intensity, muscle strengthening exercise, and walking
speed as predictors of all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer and other cause-specific
mortality in older men.
Design, setting, participants, measurements
Community-dwelling men aged 70 years and older from Concord Health and Aging in Men
Project were assessed at baseline (2005-2007, n = 1705), 2 years (n = 1367), and 5 years
follow-up (n = 958). At all time points, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly questionnaire,
walking speed over a 6-m walk, and potential confounders were assessed. Mortality
was ascertained through the state death registry with a median follow-up of 7 years.
Results
As the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly score increased by 1 standard deviation
over the follow-up period, the relative risk (RR) for mortality was 0.78 [95% confidence
interval (CI) 0.69-0.88] for all-cause, 0.66 (95% CI 0.55-0.79) for cardiovascular
and 0.75 (95% CI 0.61-0.94) for other cause-specific mortality, but no association
was observed in cancer mortality. The RR for undertaking strenuous sports during follow-up
was 0.44 (95% CI 0.26-0.72) for all-cause mortality and 0.31 (95% CI 0.13-0.70) for
cancer mortality when compared with no sports participation. Increases in walking
speed per standard deviation over time were also associated with a decrease in all-cause
mortality (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.61-0.78), with similar associations for cardiovascular
(RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.48-0.74), but not cancer mortality.
Conclusions
Older men who engage in strenuous sports and those who increase their walking speed
over time may have lower risk of all-cause and some cause-specific mortality.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 06, 2017
Footnotes
The Concord Health and Aging in Men Project (CHAMP) study is funded by the NHMRC Project Grant (No. 301916), Sydney Medical School Foundation and Ageing and Alzheimer's Institute.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Identification
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© 2017 AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine.
