Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia defined by different
criteria in nursing home residents.
Design
A cross-sectional study.
Setting
Four nursing homes in Chengdu, China.
Participants
Elderly adults aged 65 years or older.
Measurements
We applied 4 diagnostic criteria [European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People
(EWGSOP), Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), International Working Group on
Sarcopenia (IWGS), and Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH)] to
define sarcopenia. Muscle mass, strength, and function were measured based on bioimpedance
analysis, handgrip strength, and walking speed, respectively. Nutrition status, activities
of daily living, calf circumference (CC), and other covariates were evaluated.
Results
We included 277 participants. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 32.5%, 34.3%, 38.3%,
and 31.4% according to the EWGSOP, AWGS, IWGS, and FNIH criteria, respectively. Fifty-eight
participants (20.9%) were sarcopenic by all the 4 criteria. Regardless of the diagnostic
criteria of sarcopenia, malnutrition was independently associated with sarcopenia
[EWGSOP: odds ratio (OR) 4.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-15.39; IWGS: OR 2.46,
95% CI 1.23-4.90; AWGS: OR 3.29, 95% CI 1.49-7.28; FNIH: OR 4.52, 95% CI 1.28-16.00],
whereas CC was negatively associated with sarcopenia [EWGSOP: OR per standard deviation
(SD) 0.32, 95% CI 0.20-0.52; IWGS: OR per SD 0.26, 95% CI 0.15-0.43; AWGS: OR per
SD 0.32, 95% CI 0.19-0.52; FNIH: OR per SD 0.39, 95% CI 0.25-0.60]. Furthermore, falls
≥1 time in the past year were associated with AWGS-defined sarcopenia (OR 2.92, 95%
CI 1.04-8.22).
Conclusion/Implications
Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in elderly Chinese nursing home residents regardless
of the diagnostic criteria. Malnutrition and CC are associated with sarcopenia defined
by different criteria. Therefore, it is important to assess sarcopenia and malnutrition
in the management of nursing home residents. Prospective studies addressing the outcomes
of sarcopenia in nursing home residents are warranted.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 08, 2018
Footnotes
This study was supported by the Sichuan Medical Association (No. S17054). The sponsor had no role in the design, methods, data collection, analysis, or preparation of the manuscript.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine.
