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Letter to the Editor| Volume 21, ISSUE 4, P564-565, April 2020

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Response to Letters to the Editor the Imperative for Person-Centered Care: Focus on Assessing and Working With LTC Residents Rather Than Percent of People on Medication Without Data on Appropriate Use and Problems With DICE and BPSD

Published:January 31, 2020DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2019.12.019
      The response letter by Nash et al to our recent article
      • Kales H.C.
      • Gitlin L.N.
      • Lyketsos C.G.
      When less is more, but still not enough: Why focusing on limiting antipsychotics in people with dementia is the wrong policy imperative.
      raises the concern that the palliative care “lens” was missing from the patient vignette. We would note that the case described a patient who has moderate dementia and thus, we would not consider this person to have “advanced” illness. We agree that more attention is needed to understand when the person living with dementia is approaching end of life, as this can be difficult to ascertain in the course of an illness that can last up to a decade. However, the describe, investigate, evaluate, and create (DICE) approach
      • Kales H.C.
      • Gitlin L.N.
      • Lyketsos C.G.
      Detroit Expert Panel on Assessment and Management of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia. Management of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia in clinical settings: Recommendations from a multidisciplinary expert panel.
      is entirely compatible with the palliative care approach “through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial, and spiritual.”
      World Health Organization
      Definition of Palliative Care.
      Delirium is definitely one of the concerns addressed in the DICE approach.
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      References

        • Kales H.C.
        • Gitlin L.N.
        • Lyketsos C.G.
        When less is more, but still not enough: Why focusing on limiting antipsychotics in people with dementia is the wrong policy imperative.
        J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019; 20: 1074-1079
        • Kales H.C.
        • Gitlin L.N.
        • Lyketsos C.G.
        Detroit Expert Panel on Assessment and Management of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia. Management of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia in clinical settings: Recommendations from a multidisciplinary expert panel.
        J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014; 62: 762-769
        • World Health Organization
        Definition of Palliative Care.
        (Available at:)

      Linked Article

      • The Imperative for Person-Centered Dementia Care: Focus on Assessing and Working With Long-Term Care Residents Rather Than Percentage of People on a Medication
        Journal of the American Medical Directors AssociationVol. 21Issue 4
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          We appreciate the attention Drs Kale, Gitlin, and Lyketsos bring to CMS's singular focus on antipsychotic use in those long-term care (LTC) residents with dementia and behavior disturbance. As the authors point out, these universal behaviors are themselves associated with poor health outcomes including mortality, injury to peers and staff, and other undesirable outcomes. We agree with their premise: the focus on this 1 class of medication without assessing the resident and the entire situation is both misguided and leads to the use of less effective, more risky, and less evidence-based interventions.
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      • Problems with DICE and BPSD
        Journal of the American Medical Directors AssociationVol. 21Issue 4
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          I have read with a great interest the article by Kales et al.1 I agree that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) program concentrating on discontinuation of one type of medication in dementia care, which can lead to medication substitution and which does not include an effort to increase nonpharmacologic strategies for treatment of behavioral symptoms of dementia, is not going to improve dementia care. In addition, the CMS program did not take into account that antipsychotics may be used in treatment of patients with dementia appropriately if the indication was augmentation of an antidepressant effect.
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