Abstract
Objectives
Physical activity is associated with improvement in overall health and well-being,
but robust evidence with comprehensive assessment of general health is lacking. This
study aimed to clarify the effects of physical activity on intrinsic capacity among
community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory concerns.
Design
A single-blind randomized controlled trial compared aerobic training (AT), resistance
training (RT), and combined training (AT+RT) programs for improving general health
evaluated by intrinsic capacity.
Setting
Toyota, Japan.
Participants
Residents (65–85 years old) who screened positive for subjective memory concerns using
the Kihon checklist were invited for eligibility assessment. In total, 415 community-dwelling
older adults were enrolled and randomized into the AT, RT, AT+RT, and control groups.
Methods
Participants in the intervention groups underwent a group training program and self-paced
home training for 26 weeks. The control group received lectures about health promotion.
Intrinsic capacity (IC), constructed based on locomotion, cognition, psychological
function, and vitality domains, was used to assess general health at baseline, week
26, and week 52. Between-group differences were exhibited with Z-score change in individual
domain and combination of all domains.
Results
At baseline, mean age of all participants (47% women) was 72.3 ± 4.6 years, with a
mean composited IC Z-score of −0.2 ± 0.5. Overall, AT and RT improved composite IC
Z-scores by 0.17 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03–0.30) and 0.17 (95% CI 0.05–0.28)
at week 26, respectively, but the beneficial effects waned at week 52. No significant
differences in composite IC Z-scores were found in the AT+RT group at weeks 26 and 52.
Conclusions and Implications
Twenty-six-week AT with self-paced home training and RT with self-paced home training
improve IC among community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory concerns,
but the benefits waned subsequently. It will be required to develop optimal interventions
that have a continuous beneficial effect on IC among community-dwelling older adults.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 05, 2020
Footnotes
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
This work received financial support from grants from the Center of Innovation Program (COI STREAM), the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) (No. 65-Z25–0160), and the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) (No. 65-J-J0033). The funding body had no roles in the study design, data collection, data analysis, and interpretation, or the report writing.
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© 2020 AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine.
