Approximately 10% of nursing home (NH) residents are taking an anti-seizure medication
(ASM), and 7.8% have an epilepsy/seizure indication. In one recent study, levetiracetam
(LEV) and phenytoin (PHT) were the most commonly prescribed ASMs in US NH residents.
There are major differences in pharmacokinetics (PK) among ASMs. PHT has complicated
PK and its absorption is pH-dependent, and LEV is very water-soluble with few drug
interactions. The side effect profiles also differ, with PHT being associated with
ataxia and LEV with behavioral problems. This study was done to evaluate the intraindividual
variability of (LEV) and phenytoin (PHT) plasma levels in nursing home (NH) residents,
and characterize the association between blood concentrations and its variability,
with the presence of falls and seizures.
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