Abstract
Objectives
To perform a systematic review with meta-analysis to verify the effects of multicomponent
and resistance training on the physical performance in older adult residents in long-term
care, as well as to compare these modalities.
Design
Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Setting and Participants
Older adults age over 60 years who are nursing home residents in long-term care.
Methods
Seven electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Central, Web of Science, SportDiscus,
LILACS, and SCIELO) were searched from their inception until May 1, 2022. The methodological
quality was assessed using PEDro scale. Mean difference and 95% confidence interval
were pooled using a random-effects model. The significance level established was P value of ≤.05 for all analyses.
Results
A total of 30 studies were included in the qualitative review (n = 1887, mean age
82.68 years and 70% female). Multicomponent training appeared in 19 studies and resistance
training in 12 studies. Out of these, 17 studies were incorporated into the meta-analysis.
Multicomponent training and resistance training showed statistically significant difference
(P ≤ .05) in the physical performance of institutionalized older adults compared with
the control groups (usual care); this was evaluated with the Short Physical Performance
Battery (+1.2 points; +2 points), 30-second chair-stand (approximately +3 repetitions;
both), and Timed Up and Go (−4 seconds on mean; both) tests. Comparisons between multicomponent
and resistance training did not show statistically significant differences in any
of the physical outcomes evaluated.
Conclusions and Implications
The studies provide evidence that both multicomponent training and resistance training
may be effective in improving the physical performance of institutionalized older
adults. Further studies with more representative sample numbers, an improvement in
methodological quality, and a more specified prescription of the training used are
necessary.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 13, 2022
Footnotes
This systematic review with meta-analysis received financial support from FIPE/HCPA for translation into English.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine.
